War as a Creative Force

On December 17, 2014, the British School at Rome hosts Jean-Louis Cohen’s lecture “War as a Creative Force: British Architecture 1939-1945”.

Jean-Louis Cohen’s lecture War as a Creative Force: British Architecture 1939-1945 is the second event in this year’s Meeting Architecture, a programme that focuses on the relationship and the cross-over between architecture and some of the other creative processes in a series of lectures and study/exhibitions by some of the leading figures in architecture, art and film.

Top: Hugh Casson, Camouflaged airfield, perspective, 1943. Victoria & Albert Museum, London, Archives of Sir Hugh Casson and Margaret MacDonald Casson, gift from the Casson daughters. Above: Walter Schlempp, Army testing facilities, Peenemünde, launching site VII, general view, aerial perspective, 1942. Deutsches Museum, Munich

 “When the Museum of Modern Art opened in 1941 its show ‘Britain at War’, it insisted that the machines of civil defence had to be neatly designed, as this neatness is a sign of order and of something clean and good which survives the inevitable disorder and mess of war. The persistence of good design was not the only characteristic of wartime British architecture. Research thrived on prefabrication, and the use of new materials. The policies of camouflage inspired creative uses of colour, while architects started experimenting by trial and error, in parallel with what scientists and engineers were then inventing in the name of operational research. When discussing in 1946 Science in Architecture in the RIBA Journal, physicist J. D. Bernal could consider that wartime projects could also lead the architects to engage in post-war strategies that needed to be as sociological as they were technical.” Jean-Louis Cohen explains.

<b>Left</b>: The Mulberry prefabricated harbor, page of <i>L’Architecture d’aujourd’hui</i>, n° 2, 1945. Collection Jean-Louis Cohen. <b>Right</b>: "Principles of industrial camouflage", plate in Konrad F. Wittmann, Industrial Camouflage Manual, 1942. Collection Jean-Louis Cohen
Tecton Architects, Ove Arup, engineer, Project for an air raid shelter for 7,600 people in the borough of Finsbury, section view, 1939. RIBA Library Drawings and Archives Collections
Walter Gropius, Konrad Wachsmann, The Packaged House System, section / perspective of "fictitious building showing a variety of combinations composed of standard parts", 1942. Akademie der Künste, Berlin, Konrad-Wachsmann-Archiv
<b>Left</b>: Norman Bel Geddes, War Maneuver Models, created for <i>Life Magazine</i>, page from the <i>Norman Bel Geddes</i>. Catalogue, Museum of Modern Art, 1944. Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, University of Texas at Austin. <b>Right</b>: "Save Fuel...insulate your house", poster, circa 1942. Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin


17 December 2014, h.18.00
Jean-Louis Cohen
War as a Creative Force
British Architecture 1939-1945

presented by Franco Purini
The British School at Rome
via Gramsci 61, Roma
In collaboration with: MAXXI Museo nazionale delle arti del XXI secolo, Royal College of Art
With the support of: Allford Hall Monaghan Morris, Bryan Guinness Charitable Trust, Cochemé Charitable Trust, John S. Cohen Foundation, Wilkinson Eyre
Media Partners: Architectural Review, Domus, Exibart