Trajectories of Ten Korean Architects

Both contemporary and historical, the “Point-Contrepoint” exhibition traces a series of parallels between the materiality and form of Korean architecture and the global context.

Korea is mostly known abroad for its high technology product. But what about architecture? Convergent Flux: Contemporary Architecture and Urbanism in Korea, a 2012 book (and exhibition project) initiated by Harvard GSD states that there exist “clear parallels between the materiality and form of Korean architecture and the global context of contemporary architecture and urbanism.”[1] 
It is this particular parallels in contemporary Korean architecture that the exhibition “Point-Contrepoint: Trajectories of Ten Korean Architects”, a small show on display at Malaquais’s school of Architecture in Paris until 8 March 2014, seeks to explore.
In apertura: Space Yeon Architects, Lee Jin-Ah Memorial Library. Photo Jong-Oh Kim. Qui sopra: Wook Choi, Hyundai Card Design Library. Photo Sun Namgoong
In music, counterpoint is the relationship between voices that are interdependent harmonically and yet are independent in rhythm and contour. Point Counter Point may also refer to the 1928 [2] novel by Aldous Huxley, a narrative in which a number of interlinked storylines and recurring themes appear. Playing on these references Caroline Maniaque-Benton, Man-Won Han and Inha Jung, curators of the “Point-Contrepoint” show present the interdependent trajectories of ten Korean architects who “between 1975 and 2000, […] chose to complete their studies in Europe rather than in Japan or the United States.”[3] Yet what the exhibition really explores is how this interaction with the West was later translated into many small Seoul-based practices, whose independent rhythms and contours with interlinked story lines, now define the landscape of Korean contemporary architecture.
Min-Ah Lee, Lecture hall for the Science and IT Department, Daejeon University

Korean architects relationship with Western modernism may have originated after WW2: “On October 2, 1952, a young man from Asia cautiously knocked on the door of the Le Corbusier atelier at 35, rue de Sèvres, in Paris. He was one of five Korean delegates who had come to Europe to take part in the first International Conference of Artists, convened in Venice. Unlike his colleagues, he had not returned to Korea when the conference ended but had come to Paris instead, to seek work with Le Corbusier. His name is Chung-Up Kim, and he is remembered today as one of the founders of modern Korean architecture.” [4] But it was not before the mid 1970s and even more so after South Korea’s process of democratic transition from an authoritarian regime in 1987, and Seoul’s Olympic games in 1988, that a whole generation of architects – born at the beginning of the 1960s – have felt the call from the West and embarked on a journey towards France, Holland, Italy and the United Kingdom, in search of a cultural inspiration.

Jae-Heon Jeong, Unfolding House. Photo Young-Chae Park
To illustrate those journeys, the back bone of the show is a series of interviews with ten architects living and working in Seoul, all of which have done part of their training in Europe during the 1980s and 1990s: Wook Choi, Sojin Lee Jean Son Mi-Ah Lee, Jeong-Joo Kim, Woong-Won Yoon, Hyung-Woo Han, Jae-Heon Jeong, Young-Joon Kim and Eun-Seok Lee. They studied at IUAV, Paris-Tolbiac, Paris-Belleville, the Berlage, or the AA. Some worked with later iconic architects such as Rem Koolhaas, Renzo Piano or Yves Lyon. Today, back in Korea, they all run small offices in Seoul (2 to 15 people).
Jegong Architects, Ongpori House. Photo Joon-Hwan Yoon
Both contemporary and historical, the “Point-Contrepoint” exhibition uses the concepts of “passeur” (smuggler) and that of cultural transfert, one which implies a “a fundamental transformation associated with a changing context of cultural reception”,[5] in order to delve into a very recent past. Moreover, it does so through a projectual and personal lens: Identifying each architectural practices by their location on Seoul’s map and by two photographs – a portrait of the architect in his studio, a particularly significant object, or a view of one of the architects building site – taken during the interview campaign held in December 2013. The filmed and transcribed interviews constitute a rich archive opening many more possibilities. The exhibition was prepared in conjunction with “Exposer/Experimenter”, a seminar held at Paris-Malaquais school of architecture and during which students explored with the problematic of architecture on display while touching upon oral history as a research methodology. Thus the exhibition was properly embed into the school teaching and research curriculum.
Eun-Seok Lee, Vin Rouge. Photo Wan-Soon Park
A bilingual (French-English) catalogue was prepared in conjunction with the exhibition. It includes two essays: “Correlative Architecture and New Urban Realities” by Jung and “Learning from Abroad’ by Maniaque-Benton as well as a lengthy documentation of the work of the Korean architects. Arrived fresh from the press of its Danish publisher (to make things even more global), just in time for the opening night on rue Jacques Callot in the hearth of the 6th arrondissement, the book is certainly a useful reference for whoever is interest in Asian contemporary architecture. It is just regrettable that there was not enough time to also publish the series of interviews: “There will be a separate publication for that” promisses Caroline Maniaque-Benton.
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Young-Joon Kim, Hakhyeonsa Building

Notes:
1. John Hong, Jinhee Park, Convergent Flux: Contemporary Architecture and Urbanism in Korea, Boston, Birkhäuser - Harvard Graduate School of Design, 2010.
2. Caroline Maniaque-Benton and Inha Jung, Point-Contrepoint: Trajectories of Ten Korean Architects/Trajectoires de dix architectes Coréens, The Architectural Publisher B, 2014, p.31.
3. Ibid., p. 31.
4. Ibid., p. 8.
5. Ibid., p. 33.

Until 8 March 2014
Point/Contrepoint: Trajectoires de dix architectes coréens
ENSA Paris-Malaquais
Espace Callot
1 rue Jacques Callot, Paris

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