Play the City

A recent event at the Pakhuis De Zwijger introduced the many projects of this multidisciplinary studio that employs game-like tools in different effects and scales, bringing together diverse urban actors and acting upon real city issues.

If residents, developers, constructors, politicians, investors and architects are already urban players, with different roles in a collaborative process that ultimately shapes the cities we live in, it's also true not everyone has a say in every phase. In order to level the field and allow more horizontal decision-making, then, Turkish researcher Ekim Tan started the Play the City studio.

The initiative — which stems from her PhD thesis at TU Delft — is inspired by notions like Pierre Levy's "collective intelligence" and Buckminster Fuller's conviction that a game could "make the world a more fair, resilient and peaceful place".

The architect, urbanist and game designer put together a small studio, based in the fast-evolving area of North Amsterdam (Amsterdam-Noord), to devise game-like tools — both analogue and digital — that would bring different urban actors together in playful simulations of real city issues.

In a recent event at Amsterdam's Pakhuis De Zwijger, which took place during the World Smart Capital initiative, Tan's colleague and Play the City project manager Lilly Lam outlined the studio's achievements and research for the audience, in a quick yet intense roll across the practice's four years of activity.
Top: Real Actors of Urban Transformation Playing Istanbul before the Earthquake. Image courtesy of Play the City. Above: Ekim Tan with temporary plan model of Mediamatic Fabriek. Photo by Dirk Brand
Top: Real Actors of Urban Transformation Playing Istanbul before the Earthquake. Image courtesy of Play the City. Above: Ekim Tan with temporary plan model of Mediamatic Fabriek. Photo by Dirk Brand
One of the studio's most successful endeavours was right at their home base, Amsterdam-Noord. With the opening of the new, science-fiction-like Eye film museum right behind Central Station and the on-going creative renaissance of the NDSM dock area a little further away, the North of Amsterdam — a formerly industrial, working class area — has been experiencing gentrification and redevelopment. Such an environment is probably the best testing ground for Play the City's gaming approach, which consists in identifying an urban question and mapping the actors involved before designing the actual game and, ultimately, having the actors themselves as players. An eclectic group of players responded to Play the City's 2011 open call, including Shell, local housing company Ymere, a French investor interested in party boats, developers and NGOs. All gathered around a table to play upon a physical model of the interested area, placing their blocks on a board according to a specific set of (actual) rules and budgets. Acting out possible urban scenarios and strategies was not only a way to envision the future situation of Amsterdam-Noord more clearly, but also catalysed real-life networking between actors and direct communication of ideas that has continued online. After a year, a second Play Noord game took place once the legal plan in Overhoeks changed.
Amsterdam Noord players during the co-building phase. Photo courtesy of Play the City
Amsterdam Noord players during the co-building phase. Photo courtesy of Play the City
The Play the City studio also showed its potential at the 2012 Istanbul Design Biennial, where Tan and her team offered visitors the possibility to "play" the Mayor. Participants could use their RFID transport cards to express how they'd tackle ten different Istanbul-specific issues. While surely less direct and effective than the Noord game, such a tech-rich polling tool is arguably even more open.

Play the City's most encompassing project to date is perhaps Majority Report which Lam explained in quite some detail at the Pakhuis De Zwijger event.

With the premise that new interactive city tools pop up every day, the Play the City staff is compiling an extensive database for their evaluation, inviting the network's members to chime in with suggestions or criticism. The gaming aspect is now the object of study rather than the matter itself, but — since the ultimate goal of Play the City's games is to produce reports and draw conclusions from experience — we can say the spirit stays intact.
A good thing about Play the City is the stress on analogue/digital synergies, and Lam's presentation also took a little time to break down how these initiatives can actually affect society and make real change
Amsterdam Noord players debating about renewable energy. Photo courtesy of Play the City
Amsterdam Noord players debating about renewable energy. Photo courtesy of Play the City
The case studies listed by Lam at the Pakhuis De Zwijger were diverse in nature, organised around different categories. Under the "Communication with the Government" umbrella, for example, were the Finnish government's voting of any law with more than 50,000 likes on Facebook; Barack Obama's WeThePeople bill crowd-sourcing website, and London's "gamification" of the Oyster public transport card with initiatives like Chromaroma. As a prime tool for facilitating direct communication with institutions, open-data is definitely one of the most interesting trends, but mediating platforms like Better Block — which crowd-sources ideas for unauthorized pop-up interventions in urban space — and Textizen — a platform for text-message surveys — also demonstrate how facilitating citizen-to-citizen communication can lead to powerful results.
<em>If I were the Mayor</em>, project developed during the 2012 Istanbul Design Biennial. Photo courtesy of Play the City
If I were the Mayor, project developed during the 2012 Istanbul Design Biennial. Photo courtesy of Play the City
A good thing about Play the City is the stress on analogue/digital synergies, and — even though Majority Report is a survey of mostly digital tools — Lam's presentation also took a little time to break down how these initiatives can actually affect society and make real change. Through a few virtuous examples, Play the City's project manager highlighted what makes a tool work: SeeClickFix shows how direct feedback from officials about concrete urban problems can enhance dialogue, while MIT's tracking of a coffee cup encourages the re-thinking of particular behaviours. Landshare, instead, demonstrates that an important aspect to consider is the clarity and usability of an interface.
<em>If I were the Mayor</em>, project developed during the 2012 Istanbul Design Biennial. Photo courtesy of Play the City
If I were the Mayor, project developed during the 2012 Istanbul Design Biennial. Photo courtesy of Play the City
Some tools are not meant to empower, but the sheer amount of data they produce can help researchers extract meaning out of it. The popular FourSquare, for example, can be used as a research aide in urban issues — as employed by Golfstromen in the Check-in Urbanism project, which mapped the Noord's gentrification through check-ins.

Another notable Amsterdam-based analogue/digital hybrid is the Makkie, a local currency for the Indischebuurt neighbourhood meant to connect people through favours and services on a local level. Examples like these show how social ties are crucial, and that connecting with social media like MeetUp and Peerby can make them stronger.
<em>If I were the Mayor</em>, project developed during the 2012 Istanbul Design Biennial. Photo courtesy of Play the City
If I were the Mayor, project developed during the 2012 Istanbul Design Biennial. Photo courtesy of Play the City
Majority Report is an evolving database and its nature seems to be quite transversal and loose, moving towards the inclusion of open-data projects in its scope of research and integrating the social media aspect alongside analogue and digital tools. While other Play the City projects like Play Noord and Play Oosterwold have a very specific, local focus, the Report adds a meta-layer on the studio's practice, a healthily critical and analytical point of view on more general matters. In this respect, though, the presentation at the Pakhuis was a little disappointing: among the many "dos", a few "don'ts" in the mix would have probably encouraged a more animated dialogue and, maybe, a deeper understanding of the most ambiguous aspects of social media — an environment where positive feedback seems to be the only feedback possible. This being said, we only have to look forward to the next chance to play our city. Nicola Bozzi (@schizocities)
Mapping and Evaluating Digital City Tools, Majority Report. Image courtesy of Play the City
Mapping and Evaluating Digital City Tools, Majority Report. Image courtesy of Play the City

Latest on Architecture

Latest on Domus

Read more
China Germany India Mexico, Central America and Caribbean Sri Lanka Korea icon-camera close icon-comments icon-down-sm icon-download icon-facebook icon-heart icon-heart icon-next-sm icon-next icon-pinterest icon-play icon-plus icon-prev-sm icon-prev Search icon-twitter icon-views icon-instagram